Weather

Every day, the weather changes. Some days are bright and sunny, some are cloudy. Some days are windy, some are rainy. The condition of air at a place at a particular time is called weather. The sun, wind, rain, and clouds cause the weather to change.

Sunny Days 

The sun provides us with both heat and light. We can see the sun shining brightly in the sky on sunny days. The sun rays are slant in the morning and evening. As a result, it is cooler in the mornings and evenings. In the afternoon the sun is straight overhead, and its rays fall directly on us. As a result, the warmest part of the day is at midday.

Cloudy Days 

The sky is occasionally covered by clouds. Cloudy days are cooler because the sun's rays are blocked by the clouds from reaching the earth. Cloudy nights, on the other hand, are warmer since the earth's heat cannot escape into the atmosphere because of the clouds.

Windy Days 

Moving air is referred to as wind. A gently blowing wind is called breeze. A storm occurs when the wind blows strongly and is accompanied by thunder, lighting, rain, or snow. The storm can cause harm to us. It has the ability to uproot trees, roofs, and even windows. We can feel the hot, dry wind in the months of May and June which is called loo. It is likely to make people sick.

Rainy Days 

The weather becomes cooler when it rains. People use umbrellas or raincoats when it rains. Rain is beneficial to crops when it falls at the right time and in the right amount, but too much rain or rain that falls at the wrong time can harm crops and humans. Floods can occur when there is too much rain. Floods cause damage to property, crops, animals, and humans. Drought is caused due a lack of rain. Plants, animals, and humans will die due to a lack of food and water if it lasts for a long time.

Weather Forecast 

The term "weather forecast" refers to information about the weather that is provided ahead of time. Weather forecasts can be found in the newspaper, on television, and on the radio, among other places. They can assist sailors, pilots, farmers, and other professionals in planning their future activities.

Seasons

We all know that summer, winter, autumn, and spring are the four main seasons of the year. Each of these is accompanied by a shift in the weather and the surroundings.

Summer

The hottest season of the year is summer! The days are becoming longer, and the sun is shining brightly in the sky. The trees are covered with leaves at this time of year. The weather is nice, and the days are sunny, so it's certainly the greatest time to go to the beach!

 Winter 

It's the most bitterly chilly time of the year! The nights are long and the days are short. It generally snows in some regions, while it is rainy season in others. Winter is also known as the cold season, and it is the best time to go snowboarding and skiing. 

 Autumn

When autumn arrives, the days become shorter; the leaves on the trees begin to fall and piles of leaves litter the ground. In addition, the temperature begins to decrease, and it gets a little colder every day. Autumn is known as harvest season in several regions of the world because this is when most crops are ready to be harvested.

Spring

The daylight hours become longer in the spring, the sun shines a little brighter, and flowers bloom! Also, the weather begins to cool, and it may be windy and rainy at times.

What causes the seasons to change?

Let's take a look at the 'why' behind the various seasons.The seasons you experience are influenced by two key elements.

They are –

1. The tilt of the earth’s axis as it orbits the sun
2. Your location on earth

The Earth's inclination

The Earth not only revolves around the Sun once a year, but it also rotates on its axis once every 24 hours. This is what we refer to as a day. The Earth, on the other hand, is slightly inclined. The Earth is tilted 23.5 degrees off its orbital plane with the Sun in scientific terms.

What is the significance of our inclination?

The angle of the Sun to the earth and the length of the days are both affected by the tilt. The Earth is tilted so that the North Pole is more directed towards the Sun during half of the year. The South Pole is pointing at the Sun for the other half. The days on the northern region of the earth (north of the equator) get more sunlight or longer days, and the nights are shorter when the North Pole is inclined toward the Sun. The northern hemisphere heats up and enters summer as the days lengthen. The Earth's tilt fluctuates throughout the year, with the North Pole pointing away from the Sun, resulting in winter.

Seasons north of the Equator are thus the polar opposites of seasons south of the Equator. When Europe and the United States are experiencing winter, Brazil and Australia will be experiencing summer. 

Next Generation Science Standards

3-ESS2-1

ESS2.D:  

ESS3.B:  

Common Core State Standards Connections

• RI.3.1 - (3-ESS2-2), (3-ESS3-1)
• RI.3.9 - (3-ESS2-2)
• W.3.1 - (3-ESS3-1)
• W.3.7 -(3-ESS3-1)

• W.3.8 -(3-ESS2-2)